Tram-car.



C. W. MALLINS. 'IRAM CAR. APPLICATION FILED .TAN 2 1, 1913.

1 1 04,81 3. Patented July 28, 1914.

3 SHEBTS-SHEET 1.

I`Hl NORRIS PETERS CU., PHOTU-LITHO., WASHINGTON, D.

C. W. MALLINS.

TEAM GAR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1913.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTOJJTHO.. WASHING TOIL D. C.

C. W. MALLINS.

TRAM UAR.

APPLUATION FILED 115.11.21, 1913. 1 1 O4 ,8 1 3 Patented July 28, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

'lllh NURRIS PETERS ("U.. PHOTU-LITHO., WSHINGTUN. D. Y

UNirn-n s'rATns CHARLES WILLIAM iviALLINs, or LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

,Y j'rnAivr-GAR.

l speeieanen ef Letters raten. l Patented July 28, 1914, yimplicationled. January 21, 1913. Ser'alifNoL/'43,378. y i i To all whom it mayconcern: y e 1 Be it known that I, CHAnLnsWILLiAM MALLINS, a subject ofthe King of Great Britain, and residing in Liverpool, England, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in T ram-Cars, of which thefollowing is a specification. This invention relates to tramcars, andthe object is to so modify the construction of a double deck bogie caras to provide for separate exits and entrances, wherebyy passengersboarding the car or ascending to the upper deck, are kept quite distinctand apart from the passengers leaving the inside or descending from theupper deck; whereby the seating accommodation for a given size of car isutilized to the fullest ypossible extent; and whereby the opposite endsof the car are quite symmetrical; and so that the entrances and exitsare separately located on the near-side kin whichever direction the caris running.I

The invention also comprises certain improvements in devices to deter orcaution assengers from boarding or leaving the lcar when the latter isin motion, or after the signal has been given to the driverfto proceed.

The invent-ion is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in whichfFigures 1 to 6B show the general arrange-` ment of the car, and Figs. 7Ato 1,1 show details of the signaling devices. Fig. L1 is an elevation;Fig. 2 aplan in vsection onthe line II, II, of Fig. 6B, showing theseating and platform arrangements ofthe upper deck; Fig. 3 is a plan 1nsection on the line III, III, of Fig. 1 showing the seating and platformarrangement of the` lower deck; Fig. t is a transverse section on thelme IV,

IV, of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is aitransverse section on the line V, V, ofFig. v1.v Figs. 6, 6A and 6B are views to aflarger scale showing thearrangement ofthe main platform; Fig. 6 is an elevation; Fig. v6A isaplan, and Fig. 6B isa transverse sectionon the line VI,

VI, of Figtg.` Fig.y 7 is a detail of they signal` arm. f n .A .f Thearrangements of the bogie trucks, wheels, brakes, motors and controllersmay be of any type suit-ablefor the construction l of body'abouti'to bedescribed, and are in general `omitted from the drawings ;-the lifeguardis preferably that known as the Liverpool type. i* i y y Themain bodyofthe car extends vfor nearly the whole length of the' car leaving a`driving platform A at each end, over which platform the said platformbeing vopen atthe sides, or being inclosed, as may be desired.Thecentral portion of thel main body vided off from the interior, andforms a central platform D by which passengers `board orleave the car.Two stairways are prov1ded,having the inside lstringers set at ananglewith kthe tread, and from the central platform to theupper deck,one F` an as'- cending stairway for thoseLboarding, and the other E adescending stairway for those leaving. Theside opening ofthe platform D,which is providedwith a suitable step all, is divided by two verticalposts @Z2 and d? into three parts, a central entrance and' two laterallyarranged exits. f

The inside of the car is 'divided by the central platform into twocompartments, the

smaller of which C, may be adapted for rst class passengers and thelarger C for ordinary passengers. yThe entrance to each compartment isby `double door-ways `01, c2 and upper deck B extends,

c, c', is dii barriers are arranged so that passengersy i boarding thecar by the cent-ral in consequence of the barrier, enter the f insideofthe vcar `by the offside half of the doorways, or to ascend to theupper deck by the off-side stairentrance are,

' way F; -whereas passengers alighting must leave the car by kone orother of the side exits, beingy directed thereto from the 'near' sidehalf of the doorways of the inside compart: ments, or bythe descendingstaircase' E from the upper deck. It will be seen that for oppositedirections posite sides of the platform are on the near side; thebarriersreferred tok must therefore beso arrangedfthattheyncan beswiveled so astof make the near side ofthe platform form the entranceandjexits in whichever direction the car is running; theolfside of theplatform must of course be closed and this can'be done by means of abalanced compelled to ofmotion of the car, .opi n y guard rail, or thebarriers may be arranged so that they can be lused alternatively fordirecting the passengers on the near side and forclosing-in the platformon thel off? side. The preferred arrangement of the barriers is asfollows The double stanchion if is fixed opposite the meeting stiles ofeachA pair of doors, and swiveling barriers d? andn cls which may beornamental iron work hinged doors are provided, and'pivoted at Z5 and ZGto the posts cl2 and da as shown; when the car is traveling in thedirection of the arrow Z, (Fig. 6A), these barriersare arranged as shownin Fig. 6A, so that they form a central entrance and two side exits onthe near side, and completely close in the off-side; when the car isrunning in the opposite direction to that indicated the arrangement ofthe barriers Z7 and ZS is reversed. The seats G generally are arrangedtransversely, but are, of course arranged to fully utilize the space andsome of them, such as g1 may be arranged as drop seats so as to giveclearance spacev when desired. The whole of the upper -deck is closed'iny by the roof II, and the stairways E and F are accordingly fullyprotected. Doorsa1 are provided at the end of the two lower deckcompartments to give access to the drivers platforms A. IVith thisarrangement, a car having an over-all length of 35 feet may be arrangedto have a total seating capacity for eighty-four passengers.

he arrangement of barriers and entrances to the lower deck compartmentsand the arrangement of t-he stair-ways and seats, may of course bemodified within the limits of my invention to meet any special cases.

The location of the platform in an approximately central position, asdescribed has the advantages that the platform is protected from theweather; that all passengers boarding or leaving the car are brought toa focus under the control of4 the conductor; that the weight ofpassengers assembled on the platform is Yevenly distributed,- asdistinguished from the case of cars with end platforms, when the weightof passengers assembled on t-he rear platform tends to tilt the car.

The car body is carried on a gap frame to permit of the platform beingarranged several inches below the carfloor, to reduce the height of thestep.

In order to deter passengers from attempting to board or leave the carwhen it is in motion, or after the signal has ybeen given to the driverto proceed, light arms O may be mountedon the vertical posts cl2, Z3 atthe entrance and exits so that in one position they extend across theentrances and exits,- and in the other position ,are clear of them. Thearms (see Figs. 7 and 6) are preferably pivoted on sleeves o1 on thevertical posts cl2, CZ?, and suitable pulleys 02 on the sleeves areconnected yto a spring 03 which normally holds the arms in the clearposition. The

vthe electro-magnet is energized and draws the'arms into the obstructingposition. In a similar manner,`the pulleys are also connected by a cordto a lever 08 operated by the p conductor in such manner that when hesig# nals the driver to proceed, the arms are drawn into the obstructingposition and that when he signals the driver to stop, they are turnedfrom the obstructing position when the car comes to a stand; the Saidlever may operate the signal bell through a dash pot arrangement so asto give a 'time interval. Y

i The cars are fitted with balanced windows andI ventilators Itisconvenient to have the entrance at the 'center .and the exits at thesides of the platform, the entrances may however be at thesides andtheexit at the center in which case E would be the ascending stairs and Fthe descending stairs.

Having now fully described my invention, I declare that what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a double decker tramcarA incombination :-a central platform dividing the lower deck into twocompartments; a doorway from each compartment to the platform; twoseparate stairways from the platform to the upper deck; two stanchionsdividing the side entrance to the platform into two wing sections andone central section; barriers extending respectively from opposite thecenter of each vofthefdoorways to the adjacent stanchion, one of thesaid barriers dividing off a portion of the plat-form which communicateswith one half of one of the doors, one ofthe staircases and one ofL thewing sections of the side entrance, and the other barrier dividing off aportion of the platform which communicates, with one half `of the otherdoor and the yother wing section ofthe side entrance, the remainingportion of the platform communicating with the other staircase and theother halves of the two doors; substantially' as described.

2. In a double deck tramcar in combination :-a central platformdividingthe lower deck into `two compartments; a doorway from eachcompartment to the platform;

`two separate stairways from the platform to the upper deck; twostanchions on each side ofthe platform dividing `each `side entrance tothe platform into two wingv sections and a central section; two barriersone opposite the center of each of the doorways; 'two' piv- In testimonywhereof, I affix my signature oted barriers on each stanohion adapted inpresence of tWo Witnesses'.

when extended to completely close the said CHARLES WILLIAM MALLINS.

entrance, and when folded together to con- Witnesses:

neetthe respective barriers to the respective J. E. LLOYD BARNES,stanehions; substantially as described. JOSEPH E. HIRSH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

